Bihar Agricultural University, Sabour was established as the second agricultural university of the state of Bihar on 5^th August, 2010. The main campus of the newly created university is located at the erstwhile Bihar Agricultural College, Sabour campus. The university has 6 colleges (5 Agriculture and 1 Horticulture) 13 Research stations spread in 3 Agro-ecological zones of Bihar. The University also has 21 KVKs established in 20 of the 25 districts falling under the jurisdiction of the University. The Bihar Agriculture College, Sabour, one among the six agricultural colleges established in the country between 1905 and 1908 has to its credit the immense contribution made in systematic agricultural education in the country. One of the oldest colleges of its type, the foundation of Bihar Agriculture College was laid by Sir Andrew Henderson Leith Frazer, Lt. Governor of Bengal on 17^th August, 1908. The college initially started diploma of Licentiate in Agriculture, imparted training in agriculture including Livestock and Rural Economy, Physics, Chemistry, Botany, Entomology, Veterinary, Agricultural Engineering and Land Record. The rice research at Sabour is the oldest and even the present day ICAR-National Rice Research Institute, Cuttack was earlier a sub-station of Sabour. In 1936, a section on physiological aspects of fruit trees, particularly mango and litchi was established, which eventually was transformed into a full-fledged Horticultural Section in 1945. During the war period an Entomology Section was established at Sabour. Later Plant Pathology section was started as one of its units but was assigned independent status in 1948. There was major thrust on intensified crop research in the college during first five year plan period. Separate oilseed, maize & millets and pulse sections were established to attain objective of intensified crop research. The soils and fertilizer work were also intensified with the creation of manurial table scheme which was subsequently known as Field Experimental Service (FES). The Soil Survey organization was established in 1954. This was considered as the best organization in the country. So far the reconnaissance soil survey has been done and the soils of Bihar have been divided in 23 Soil Associations and Soil Maps have been prepared. Later, a detailed soil survey of the areas spread in irrigation command agencies of the state was undertaken. The work on micronutrients was first started at Sabour in 1950. The Agricultural Research at Sabour was subsequently intensified to cater to the needs of Eastern Bihar. Quite a number of sections such as Agricultural Engineering, Agronomy, Agricultural Economics, Agricultural Statistics and Irrigation Research etc. were either established or strengthened during mid-fifties to mid-sixties. Starting M.Sc. programme in Extension Education in 1955 was a land mark achievement of the College as it was first opening for PG teaching in this discipline in the country. Many external agencies like ICAR, AICRP and PL-480 research schemes came into existence during this period.

The university has been entrusted with four mutually supportive mandates viz., Teaching, Research, Extension and Training to develop quality human resource, conduct agricultural research, to transfer the technologies to farmers and to train the various stakeholders in the field of agriculture and allied sector.